Supplementation of Ex-Situ Biofloc to Improve Growth Performance and Enhance Nutritional Values of the Pacific White Shrimp Rearing at Low Salinity Conditions

Shrimp is an important food source consumed worldwide. An intensive aquaculture system with overuse of feed in combination detrimental effects from climate change are serious problems leading to mass mortality cultured shrimp. Biofloc technology approach managing water quality and controlling the disease counter negative side culture system; however, most biofloc applications naturally formed, which could be inconsistent. In this study, we employed established optimal ratio microbial consortium called “ex-situ (BF)” used as a supplement shrimp zero-water discharged at low salinity conditions. Three feeding groups (100%commercial pellet (C), 95%C+BF, 90%C+BF) were for six weeks. The effect ex-situ commercial reduction showed that levels ammonium, nitrite, nitrate phosphate significantly decreased culture. fed exhibited increased weight survival, expressed growth-related genes involving lipolysis energy metabolism higher than those 100% pellet. Nutritional analysis indicated significant increase docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eicosenoic (C20:1) concentrations supplemented This finding revealed potential manage quality, improve growth performance enhance nutritional value under beneficial make it promising alternative strategy mitigate sustainable production high-quality future.